11th February 2025

Regarding algorithmic trading and its regulatory framework in India, consider the following
statements:
1. SEBI's new framework for algorithmic trading aims to eliminate the role of retail investors, focusing solely on institutional participation to ensure market stability and efficiency.
2. Under the framework, brokers bear no responsibility for investor grievances related to algo trading, as the onus lies entirely on the algo providers/vendors.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding neutrinos and their significance in astrophysics and cosmology:
1. Neutrinos, often referred to as "ghost particles" interact so infrequently with matter that they are inconsequential in understanding stellar physics and black hole dynamics.
2. The detection of neutrinos is relatively straightforward due to their strong interaction with matter, allowing scientists to easily trace their origin and properties.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to Graphene and its applications, consider the following statements:
1. Graphene, an allotrope of carbon, is characterized by its three-dimensional structure composed of multiple layers of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice.
2. Despite its exceptional strength and conductivity, graphene's impermeability to gases restricts its utility in various industrial applications, particularly in the development of advanced sensors and electronics.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the creation of the South Coast Railway (SCoR) Zone and its implications for regional development:
1. The establishment of the SCoR zone, headquartered in Visakhapatnam, was solely mandated by the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014, with no strategic or economic considerations influencing the decision.
2. The bifurcation of the Waltair Railway Division, a major revenue generator for the East Coast Railway (ECoR), and the transfer of a significant portion to the SCoR, has been met with unanimous approval across all political factions in Odisha, recognizing the long-term benefits for the region.
3. The newly formed Visakhapatnam division under SCoR will oversee critical sections such as Palasa–Visakhapatnam–Duvvada, Kuneru–Vizianagaram and Naupada Jn.–Paralakhemundi, aiming to enhance operational efficiency and cater to increasing passenger and freight demands.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act (CLNDA) in India and its implications for international collaboration, consider the following statements:
1. The CLNDA, enacted in 2010, exclusively channels all liability for nuclear damage to the operator, aligning perfectly with the international Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage (CSC).
2. Despite the establishment of the Indian Nuclear Insurance Pool (INIP) with a corpus of ₹1,500 crore, concerns regarding supplier liability persist among foreign nuclear power firms, hindering substantial investments.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?