10th February 2026

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is incorrect: Malaysia is India's 3rd largest trading partner within ASEAN, not the largest.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: Malaysian investments in India were about US$ 1.27 billion, not exceeding US$ 2 billion.
• Statement 3 is correct: Bilateral trade in 2024-25 was US$ 19.86 billion, with Indian exports at US$ 7.32 billion and imports at US$ 12.54 billion, making it in favor of Malaysia (trade deficit for India).
• Statement 4 is correct: Malaysia's strategic location along the Strait of Malacca makes it a key partner for India's maritime connectivity strategy.

Explanation:

• Statement A is correct: INCOIS is an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Earth Sciences.
• Statement B is correct: It provides oceanographic forecasts and early warnings.
• Statement C is correct: It is located in Hyderabad.
• Statement D is NOT correct: INCOIS focuses on oceanographic information and services, not primarily on marine biology research. While it might collaborate with marine biology institutions, its core function isn't biological research.

Explanation:

• The Thwaites Glacier (also called the "Doomsday Glacier") is located in Antarctica. It is 120 km wide, fast-melting, and contains enough water to raise global sea levels by more than half a meter.

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: It is the most ambitious Earth observation programme to date.
• Statement 2 is correct: Headed by the European Commission in partnership with ESA.
• Statement 3 is correct: It provides information to improve the environment, mitigate climate change, and ensure civil security.

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: It is a run-of-the-river project on the Chenab River in J&K.
• Statement 2 is correct: With 2,185 MW capacity, it will be the largest in the UT.
• Statement 3 is correct: Developed by NHPC in collaboration with JKSPDC, costing ₹22,704 crore.
• Statement 4 is correct: Expected to generate over 7,000 million units annually and contribute to flood mitigation.