14th April 2026

Explanation - It is the largest freshwater lake in India and the second largest freshwater lake in Asia. It is located in the Bandipore district of Jammu and Kashmir. It is fed by the Jhelum River. The lake basin was formed as a result of tectonic activity. In 1990, it was designated as a Wetland of International Importance under the Ramsar Convention.

Explanation - Vitamin D is synthesised in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight. The ultraviolet B (UVB) rays from the sun react with a form of cholesterol present in the skin, leading to the production of Vitamin D. This vitamin is vital for calcium absorption in the intestines, ensuring that an adequate amount of calcium is absorbed into the bloodstream. Calcium is crucial for maintaining strong and healthy bones, and Vitamin D helps regulate calcium levels in the body, thus contributing to bone health. Deficiency of Vitamin D can lead to weakened bones and conditions like rickets in children and osteoporosis in adults.

Explanation - Hand in Hand with China, Dustlik with Uzbekistan, Ekuverin with Maldives, Yudh Abhyas with U.S. and Bold Kurukshetra with Singapore.

Explanation - It is a Joint Venture Company formed with the participation of National Aluminium Company Ltd. (NALCO), Hindustan Copper Ltd. (HCL) and Mineral Exploration Company Ltd. (MECL) in August, 2019. The equity participation between NALCO, HCL and MECL is in the ratio of 40:30:30. It is mandated to identify, acquire, develop, process and make commercial use of strategic minerals in overseas locations for supply in India. It is focusing on identifying and sourcing battery minerals like Lithium and Cobalt. Functions — It helps in building partnerships with other mineral rich countries like Australia and those in Africa and South America, where Indian expertise in exploration and mineral processing will be mutually beneficial bringing about new economic opportunities. The KABIL would carry out identification, acquisition, exploration, development, mining and processing of strategic minerals overseas for commercial use and meeting country's requirement of these minerals. Nodal Ministry — Ministry of Mines.

Explanation - In May 1980, when the Supreme Court upheld the constitutional validity of the death penalty in Bachan Singh's case, a framework was developed for future judges to follow when they had to choose between life imprisonment and the death penalty. At the heart of that framework was the recognition that the legislature in the Criminal Procedure Code had made it clear that life imprisonment would be the default punishment and judges would need to give "special reasons" if they wanted to impose the death sentence. Through the 1980 framework — popularly but inaccurately known as the "rarest of rare" framework — the Supreme Court said that judges must consider both aggravating and mitigating factors concerning the crime and the accused when deciding if the death penalty is to be imposed. The judgment also made it clear that life imprisonment as a sentence would have to be "unquestionably foreclosed" before judges imposed the death sentence.