15th November 2025

Explanation - INVAR Missile is an anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) designed to be launched from tank platforms. The Invar missile, capable of being fired from the barrel of T-90 tanks, has been in active deployment by Indian forces and is known for its long-range precision strike capability. The missile can neutralise adversaries tanks fitted with Explosive Reactive Armour Protection. The Invar missile is built by Rosoboronexport of Russia, and it is produced under license in India by Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL). 

Explanation - The ESCAPADE (Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorers) mission is the first coordinated multi-spacecraft orbital science mission to the Mars. Its twin orbiters known as Blue and Gold which will take simultaneous observations from different locations around Mars. It is part of NASA's SIMPLEx (Small Innovative Missions for Planetary Exploration) program.  

Explanation - Botswana is a landlocked country located in the centre of Southern Africa. Bordering Countries — It is bordered by four countries - Namibia to the north and west, South Africa to the south and southeast, Zimbabwe to the northeast, and it also borders Zambia to the north.  

Explanation - National Database for Emergency Management is a unique Geo-portal to disseminate space-based inputs along with services of forecasting organisations addressing all natural disasters in India. It is a national repository of multi-scale geospatial database coupled with decision support system tools. It is developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) under the guidance of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA). The NDEM portal is maintained by the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC). NDEM services have been operationalised since 2013 providing timely information along with disaster specific products for effective decision making.  

Explanation - The National Migration Survey 2026 will be conducted under the aegis of the National Sample Survey (NSS), which has been India's principal source of household-level socio economic data since 1950. It will cover almost all states and union territories, except the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, due to logistical constraints. The objective of the survey is to generate reliable and up-to-date estimates of — Migration rates and trends (rural-to-urban, inter state, and intra-state) Short-term and seasonal migration patterns Reasons for migration (economic, social, educational, or marital) Employment and income profiles of migrants Return migration and its socio-economic effects Impact of migration on household welfare and community development MoSPI has already released a draft questionnaire and concept note on its website and invited public feedback and expert comments by November 30, 2025.