17th August 2024

Explanation:

• The deployment of the AIM-174B is specifically mentioned in the context of countering China's aerial dominance and addressing the escalating tensions in the Indo-Pacific region, which are primarily due to China's military assertiveness.

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: The Hague Conventions do indeed primarily address the use of conventional weapons in warfare
• Statement 2 is correct: The Geneva Conventions comprise four core treaties and have been supplemented by three additional protocols over time
• Statement 3 is incorrect: The principle of releasing and repatriating prisoners of war is enshrined in the Third Geneva Convention, not the Fourth

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is incorrect as Prerana is a week-long residential program, not year-long.
• Statement 2 is incorrect as the themes are not solely derived from ancient texts, but are aligned with the NEP 2020.
• Statement 3 and 4 are correct 

Explanation:

• Statement (a) is correct. Prokaryotes are integral to various biogeochemical cycles, driving processes like nitrogen fixation, denitrification, and decomposition, which facilitate the transformation and recycling of key elements.
• Statement (b) is correct. Many prokaryotes establish mutually beneficial associations with other organisms. A prime example is the symbiotic relationship between nitrogen-fixing bacteria and leguminous plants, where the bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for the plant.
• Statement (c) is incorrect. While many prokaryotes are beneficial, some are pathogenic and cause diseases in humans, animals, and plants.
• Statement (d) is correct. The rapid growth and metabolic activity of marine prokaryotes, particularly in response to environmental changes, can result in substantial carbon dioxide emissions, contributing to the complex dynamics of climate change.

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct. Monkeypox is indeed a zoonotic disease (transmitted from animals to humans) and belongs to the Poxviridae family, the same as smallpox.
• Statement 2 is incorrect. The current concern is primarily due to the spread of clade Ib, not clade II. Clade Ib is more transmissible through sexual contact, while clade II is typically associated with zoonotic transmission.
• Statement 3 is correct. The WHO declared monkeypox a PHEIC in July 2023 due to its rapid global spread and the potential for severe public health consequences.
• Statement 4 is incorrect. The Democratic Republic of the Congo has reported a significantly higher number of monkeypox cases and deaths compared to India.