24th October 2025

Explanation - 
The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is an inter-governmental body formed in 1989 during the G7 Summit in Paris, not by the G20. Its primary objective is to develop global policies to combat money laundering and terrorist financing. 
The FATF Secretariat operates from the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) headquarters in Paris, France. FATF recommendations are internationally recognized standards that promote global financial transparency and counter illicit financial flows 

Explanation - 
The Authorised Economic Operator (AEO) Programme is a voluntary trade facilitation initiative adopted from the World Customs Organisation’s (WCO) SAFE Framework of Standards (2005) to secure and expedite global trade. 
Launched in India by CBIC in 2011 (revised 2016), it accredits compliant partners such as importers, exporters, logistics providers, customs brokers, and warehouse operators. 
Benefits — Faster customs clearance, reduced examination, deferred duties, and international recognition. 
It allows customs officials to segment low-risk and high-risk businesses, focusing enforcement efforts on non-compliant entities while encouraging trusted partnerships. 

Explanation - 
The Doctrine of Lis Pendens (Latin: pendente lite nihil innovetur — “during litigation nothing new should be introduced”) prohibits transfer or sale of property that is the subject of an ongoing court dispute. It is codified in Section 52 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882 and ensures maintenance of the status quo in property-related suits until a final judgment prevents prejudicing the rights of any party involved. 

Explanation - 
Sinapic acid is a natural phenolic compound, derived from cinnamic acid, widely found in spices, cereals, fruits, and vegetables. It exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, and neuroprotective properties. 
Mechanism — It activates the SIRT1 pathway, a key regulator of angiogenesis, tissue repair, and inflammation. 
Relevance — Recent biomedical studies indicate that Sinapic acid can help in diabetic wound healing (slow-healing ulcers due to poor blood flow and neuropathy), shaping research toward natural therapeutic solutions. 

Explanation - 
The Domain Name System (DNS) acts as the Internet’s address book — translating human-readable domain names like example.com into numerical IP addresses that computers use to locate servers. When DNS fails, web browsers cannot connect to the correct server, leading to inaccessibility or slow performance. Such failures may affect multiple services simultaneously depending on the shared infrastructure.