4th July 2025

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about the ‘Indian Telegraph Act, 1885’? 

1. It governs the use of wired and wireless telegraphy, telephones, teletype, radio communications and digital data communications. 
2. It allows the law enforcement agencies to monitor/intercept communications and tap phone lines without any specific approval from any executive and/or judicial organ of the state. 
3. Under Section 5(2) of the concerned act, the government can intercept messages in the ‘interests of the sovereignty and integrity of India’. 

Select the correct codes from below:

Consider the following statements regarding the C-FLOOD Platform: 

1. It is a unified inundation forecasting system developed by C-DAC Pune and the Central Water Commission. 
2. The platform provides two-day advance flood forecasts at the village level, including flood inundation maps. 
3. Currently, it covers the Ganga, Yamuna, and Brahmaputra river basins. 
4. It uses 2-D hydrodynamic modelling and High-Performance Computing (HPC) under the National Supercomputing Mission. 

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI): 

1. It is a risk-based metric launched by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) to classify mobile numbers based on their association with financial fraud risks. 
2. The classification is derived from inputs such as reports from the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C), the Chakshu platform, and intelligence shared by banks. 
3. Banks and financial institutions can use FRI to take preventive actions like blocking transactions or alerting customers in real time. 
4. The Digital Intelligence Unit (DIU) shares the Mobile Number Revocation List (MNRL) to help stakeholders identify numbers disconnected due to fraud. 

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding Terbium: 

1. It is a rare-earth metal belonging to the lanthanide series and is primarily extracted from bastnasite and laterite ion-exchange clays. 
2. It forms a protective oxide layer in air, making it stable even at high temperatures. 
3. It is highly soluble in hydrofluoric acid (HF) due to the formation of terbium fluoride (TbF₃). 
4. Terbium compounds are widely used as green phosphors in fluorescent lamps and display screens. 

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the Santhal Rebellion (1855-56): 

1. The rebellion was primarily against the oppressive economic policies of the British and their collaborators, including zamindars and moneylenders. 
2. The East India Company had initially settled the Santhals in the Damin-i-Koh region under fair terms, but later exploitation led to the uprising. 
3. The rebellion was led by Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu, who mobilized support through a unique communication system called Dharwak. 
4. The British successfully suppressed the rebellion using modern firearms and war elephants, resulting in the deaths of Sidhu and Kanhu. 

Which of the statements given above are correct?