8th January 2025

Explanation: The assertion is correct as the CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (CSIR- CIMFR) has successfully conducted the first trial blast for the Dozer Push Mining Method in India1. The reason is also correct and provides an explanation for the implementation of this method. The Dozer Push Mining Method is indeed an innovative approach that aims to enhance safety and operational efficiency in mining processes. It offers advantages such as improved efficiency, faster coal recovery, and reduced.

Explanation: Both statements are correct. The Alaknanda River originates from the meltwaters of the Satopanth and Bhagirath Kharak glaciers in the Garhwal Himalayas of Uttarakhand. At Devprayag, the Alaknanda meets the Bhagirathi, and from this point onwards, the combined flow is called the Ganga.

Explanation:
The assertion (A) is correct as the BHARATPOL portal is indeed expected to enhance the efficiency of field- level police officers in dealing with crimes and security challenges.
The reason (R) is also correct and provides the explanation for the assertion. The portal facilitates real- time information sharing and faster access to international police assistance through INTERPOL, which directly contributes to improving the efficiency of police officers in handling complex and transnational crimes.

Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct. The US Entity List includes foreign individuals, businesses, and organizations subject to specific export restrictions and licensing requirements for certain goods and technologies.
Statement 2 is incorrect. While removal from the Entity List would ease some restrictions, it would not lead to unrestricted nuclear trade. Other legal barriers, such as the US 10CFR810 regulations and India's Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act, 2010, would still impact full cooperation.
Statement 3 is correct. The Indo-US Civil Nuclear Deal, signed in 2008, allows India to engage in nuclear trade despite not being a signatory to the Non-Proliferation Treaty, marking a significant exception in global nuclear policy.

Explanation:
Statements 1 and 2 are correct. The CROPS experiment was indeed launched on the PSLV-C60 mission as part of the POEM-4 platform, and it successfully demonstrated the germination of cowpea seeds in microgravity conditions.
Statement 3 is incorrect. CROPS is not designed exclusively for low Earth orbit environments. It is envisioned as a multi-phase platform to develop and evolve ISRO's capabilities for growing and sustaining flora in various extra-terrestrial environments, which could include deep space missions and potential colonization efforts beyond low Earth orbit.