9th June 2026

Explanation - e-Jagriti is a flagship initiative by the Department of Consumer Affairs, Government of India. It is aimed at strengthening the consumer dispute redressal system across the country. The project focuses on the computerisation and networking of all Consumer Commissions at the national, state, and district levels to ensure transparency, efficiency, and speedy resolution of consumer disputes.

Features of e-Jagriti Platform —

• e-Jagriti enables consumers to file complaints, track case statuses, and access judgments online.
• The platform plays a vital role in digitising consumer commissions and empowering citizens by providing easy access to legal remedies.
• It provides simple, fast and a more cost-effective consumer disputes redressal software solution at all levels.
• It is envisaged to integrate consumer grievance platforms, namely, Online Case Monitoring System (OCMS), E-Daakhil, NCDRC Case Monitoring System, CONFONET website, mediation application, in a single platform.
• It has case filing, online fee payment, case monitoring modules for seamless disposal of cases by all the Commissions, has Smart search facility on archived consumer complaints / cases / judgements using AI technology for metadata and keyword creation, and Voice-to-text conversion of judgements, case history and other details using AI / ML technology.

With its user-friendly interface and real-time updates, e-Jagriti ensures accountability, reduces paperwork, and fosters a more transparent and accessible justice system for consumers nationwide.

Explanation - Land Ports Authority of India (LPAI) is a statutory body under the Department of Border Management, Ministry of Home Affairs. It is responsible for developing and managing land ports to facilitate trade, connectivity, and regional cooperation. Currently, LPAI operates 15 land ports across India’s international borders — India-Pakistan Border (2): Attari (Punjab) and Dera Baba Nanak (Punjab); India–Nepal Border (3): Rupaidiha (Uttar Pradesh), Raxaul (Bihar) and Jogbani (Bihar); India–Bhutan Border (1): Darranga (Assam); India–Bangladesh Border (8): Petrapole (West Bengal), Dawki (Meghalaya), Sutarkandi, Golakganj and Mankachar (Assam), Agartala, Srimantapur and Sabroom (Tripura); India–Myanmar Border (1): Moreh (Manipur).

Explanation - Land Port Management System is a state-of-the-art digital platform designed to integrate operations across Land Ports into a unified system.

Features of Land Port Management System —

• Real time information: It enables secure, real-time exchange of logistics and regulatory information, bringing land ports at par with digital systems operational at airports and seaports.
• Inclusion and Coordination: LPMS will facilitate seamless coordination among various stakeholders, including government agencies and private operators.
• Digitisation: The system introduces end-to-end digital workflows for cargo and passenger processing, including slot booking, payments, tracking, and single-window clearances.
• Integration with Platforms: It is fully integrated with key national platforms such as ICEGATE, ULIP, and the motor vehicle ecosystem. LPMS will enable interoperable, efficient, and transparent border management.

Significance — It reduces delays and enhancing operational efficiency.

Explanation - Bhakra Dam is a concrete gravity dam across the Sutlej River. It is located at a gorge near the upstream Bhakra village in the Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh. It is near the border between Punjab and Himachal Pradesh. It is the highest straight gravity dam in the world, with a height of about 207.26 meters. It is Asia’s second tallest dam, next to the Tehri Dam.

History — The Bhakra Dam is one of the earliest river valley development schemes undertaken by India after independence. The construction of this dam started in 1948, when Jawahar Lal Nehru, the first prime minister of India, poured the first bucket of concrete into the foundations of Bhakra. The dam was completed by the end of 1963. Bhakra Dam was described as the ‘New Temple of Resurgent India’ by Jawaharlal Nehru.

Operation and maintenance of the Bhakra dam is done by the Bhakra Beas Management Board (BBMB). The dam created the massive Gobind Sagar reservoir and plays a crucial role in irrigation, flood control, and hydroelectric power generation for Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, and Chandigarh. In terms of storage of water, it is the second largest reservoir in India, the first being Indira Sagar Dam in Madhya Pradesh with a capacity of 12.22 billion cu m. Nangal Dam is another dam downstream of Bhakra. Sometimes both the dams together are called the Bhakra-Nangal Dam, though they are two separate dams. It serves as an auxiliary dam to channel the water released from Bhakra Dam to two powerhouses. The installed capacity of Bhakra Right Bank Power House is 785 MW, and that of Bhakra Left Bank Power House is 630 MW.

Explanation - An Ordinance is a temporary law promulgated by the President of India under Article 123 of the Constitution. It is an extraordinary legislative power that can be exercised when Parliament is not in session and when immediate action is necessary.

Key Features of Ordinances —

• Article 123: Empowers the President to promulgate ordinances when Parliament is not in session.
• Force of Law: An ordinance has the same force and effect as an Act of Parliament during its operation.
• Duration: An ordinance ceases to operate six weeks after Parliament reassembles, unless approved by both Houses.
• Withdrawal: The President may withdraw an ordinance at any time.
• Disapproval: Both Houses may disapprove it by resolution.
• Re-promulgation: While constitutionally permissible, repeated re-promulgation has been deemed unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.