16th July 2025

Explanation
The Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) is an initiative of the Ministry of Home Affairs aimed at tackling cybercrime in India through a coordinated and comprehensive approach. It was dedicated to the nation in January 2020. I4C's objectives include: 

• Acting as a nodal point to curb cybercrime nationwide. 

• Strengthening the fight against cybercrime, especially those targeting women and children. 

• Facilitating ease of complaint filing and trend identification in cybercrime. 

• Serving as an early warning system for law enforcement agencies. 

• Raising public awareness for preventing cybercrime.

Explanation 

• India is the world’s largest emitter of SO₂, mainly due to high reliance on coal-fired power plants. In 2022, India contributed over 20% of global anthropogenic SO₂ emissions. 

• SO₂ is a serious air pollutant: it acts as a respiratory irritant, can trigger asthma and bronchitis, and is a precursor to PM2.5—fine particulate matter linked to heart and lung conditions. 

• SO₂ leads to acid rain, damaging soils, aquatic life, and vegetation. 

• However, SO₂ emissions have not constantly increased everywhere: there has been a declining trend in several regions, though levels remain high in areas such as the Indo-Gangetic Plain and eastern India. 

Explanation 

• PMDK centers provide comprehensive services (assessment, evaluation, counselling, distribution, and post-distribution care) for people with disabilities (Divyangjan) and the elderly. 

• Managed by ALIMCO, a public sector undertaking under the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD), Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. 

• Assistive devices (tricycles, wheelchairs, hearing aids, artificial limbs, etc.) are distributed free under the ADIP Scheme for Divyangjan and Rashtriya Vayoshri Yojana for senior citizens. 

• The value of assistive devices distributed is over ₹179.15 lakh, not crore. 

Explanation 

• Pheromones are external (ecto-) chemical signals secreted by an individual and detected by other individuals of the same species, not different species. 

• Releaser pheromones quickly trigger specific behavioural responses (like mating or alarm). 

• Primer pheromones influence long-term hormonal changes. 

• The vomeronasal organ in many animals helps in detecting pheromones. 

• Pheromones are present in animals, but also play roles in fungi, slime molds, and certain plants and microorganisms. 

Explanation 
The Jhelum River is entirely within the Indian subcontinent. Its source, the Verinag Spring, is situated in Jammu and Kashmir, India. The river does not originate in China. The Jhelum flows through the Wular Lake in Jammu and Kashmir, is a tributary of the Indus, and creates a deep gorge upon leaving Kashmir.