19th September 2025

Explanation – The term 'encephalitides' means inflammation of the brain (not dehydration of the body). Japanese encephalitis is caused by a mosquito-borne flavivirus and is found across south and east areas of Asia. It is transmitted through infected Culex mosquitoes that breed in irrigated rice paddies and stagnant water. While 24 states in India are endemic for JE, Uttar Pradesh has contributed more than 75% of cases during recent years. The disease typically occurs during rainy season with case-fatality rate of 20–30% in severe clinical cases. 

Explanation – The UN Human Rights Council was established in 2006 (not 1950) to replace the UN Commission on Human Rights. The UNHRC has 47 members elected by the UN General Assembly, where to become a member, a country must receive votes of at least 96 of the 193 UN member states (absolute majority). Members serve for three years and are not eligible for immediate re-election after serving two consecutive terms. The Council holds regular sessions three times a year in March, June, and September. 

Explanation – The National Building Code 2016 has included new and energy efficient options including geo-thermal cooling and heating systems along with variable refrigerant flow system, inverter technology, and district cooling systems. India is in the Low Geothermal Potential Region with low/medium heat enthalpy, making geothermal electricity generation site and technology specific in the country. 

Explanation – IRDAI has officially launched Bima Sugam as a unified marketplace for all insurance needs—life, health, motor, travel, property, and agricultural policies. The platform provides end-to-end services including purchase, renewal, management, and claim settlement with real-time processing. It is managed by the Bima Sugam India Federation (BSIF), where all insurance companies are stakeholders and many hold equity stakes. The platform aims to do for insurance what UPI has done for digital payments by creating common digital infrastructure. 

Explanation – All statements are incorrect. WIPO is one of the 15 specialized agencies of the United Nations (not WTO). WIPO was created in 1967 "to encourage creative activity, to promote the protection of intellectual property throughout the world". All UN member states are entitled, though not obliged, to become WIPO members. India became a member of WIPO in 1975 (not a founding member). WIPO currently has 193 member states and administers 26 international treaties.