25th February 2026

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is incorrect:The IEA was established by OECD countries (under the framework of the OECD) in 1974, following the 1973 oil crisis — not by the United Nations.
• Statement 2 is incorrect:India is not a full member of the IEA. It signed a Strategic Partnership Agreement in 2021 to deepen cooperation, but its status remains that of an Association country.
• Statement 3 is incorrect:While the IEA was originally focused on oil security, its mandate has expanded significantly. Today, it covers energy security, economic development, environmental awareness, and engagement worldwide, spanning all fuels and technologies.

Explanation:

• The IEA's mission is to shape a secure and sustainable energy future for all, spanning energy security, economic development, environmental awareness, and global engagement.
• Option A is incorrect:OPEC manages its own production quotas; the IEA does not regulate global oil prices.
• Option B is incorrect:The IEA is an energy policy advisory body, not a lending institution like the World Bank.
• Option D is incorrect:The Paris Agreement is formally monitored by the UNFCCC. While the IEA provides crucial data and analysis for climate goals (like its Net Zero by 2050 roadmap), it is not the enforcing body.

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is incorrect:The TKDL was established in 2001 (not 2015), jointly by the CSIR and the Department of Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy (ISM&H, now Ministry of AYUSH).
• Statement 2 is correct:The TKDL contains information from existing literature related to Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, Sowa Rigpa, and Yoga, documented in five international languages.
• Statement 3 is correct:The Union Cabinet recently approved widening access of the TKDL database beyond patent offices through a paid subscription model with phase-wise opening to national and international users.

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is incorrect:Lenacapavir is not a therapeutic vaccine for treating HIV-positive patients. It is the first twice-yearly injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) — a preventive drug for HIV-negative individuals at risk of contracting the virus.
• Statement 2 is correct:It is a capsid inhibitor that blocks the protein shell (capsid) the HIV virus needs to replicate.
• Statement 3 is correct:Unlike daily oral PrEP pills, lenacapavir is administered as an injection once every six months, providing a discreet and highly effective method of prevention. It is developed by Gilead Sciences and marketed under the brand name Yeztugo.

Explanation:

• Yeztugois the brand name for Lenacapavir, the first twice-yearly injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention, developed by Gilead Sciences.
• Results of two key studies have shown it helps prevent 9% of all HIV transmission.
• Options A, C, and D are incorrect as they refer to entirely different drugs and medical innovations unrelated to Lenacapavir.