12th July 2024

Explanation - The agency was established in 1963 by the Indian government as a result of the

recommendation of the Santhanam Committee. CBI is not a statutory body. It derives its power

to investigate from the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946.

It operates under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and

Pensions (which in turn operated under PMO). However, for investigation of offences under the

Prevention of Corruption Act, CBI vests superintendence to the Central Vigilance

Commission.

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is incorrect: The decision to declare a language as 'Classical' rests with the Government of India, based on recommendations from a panel of linguistic experts.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: The Eighth Schedule of the Constitution lists 22 scheduled languages, and being recognized as 'Classical' doesn't guarantee inclusion in this list.
• Statement 3 is correct: A distinct literary tradition is one of the key criteria for Classical Language status.
• Statement 4 is incorrect: While the UGC is involved in promoting Classical Languages, the establishment of Centers of Excellence is not mandatory.

Explanation:

MANPADS are seen as asymmetrical weapons that can be employed by non-state actors or smaller militaries to pose a threat to more technologically advanced adversaries, particularly in the realm of air defense.

Explanation:

Statement 1 is incorrect: WPD was established by the United Nations (UN), not the UNFPA.

Statement 2 is correct: The 2024 theme does highlight the importance of inclusive data.

Statement 3 is correct: India surpassed China to become the most populous country in 2023.

Statement 4 is correct: Africa is projected to have the highest population growth rate.

Answer (b): Andritz AG is primarily involved in engineering and infrastructure projects in India. Doppelmayr is known for its ropeway and cable car systems, often used in renewable energy projects (e.g., mountaintop solar installations). Webroot is a cybersecurity software company. Swarovski is a luxury brand famous for its crystal and jewelry.