26th October 2026

Explanation - It is an international climate-finance fund set up to help developing countries that are particularly vulnerable to climate change respond to economic and non-economic losses, including from extreme weather and slow-onset events. It operates under the financial mechanism of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It was established at the 27th Conference of the Parties (COP 27) to the UNFCCC in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, in 2022 and operationalised at COP28 in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, in 2023. A Board of 26 members was constituted in 2023, and subsequently, the Philippines was selected as the host of the Board in 2024, while the World Bank was selected to host the Secretariat, and as the Fund Trustee. The Board of the FRLD consists of members from Parties to the UNFCCC and Paris Agreement, with members from developed and developing country By financing recovery initiatives from climate-related losses and damage, the Fund empowers communities to rebuild and adapt. It strives for country-led, locally driven solutions, ensuring interventions are aligned to country needs, priorities, and contexts.

Explanation - It is a prominent Hindu temple situated at Srirangam near Trichy in Tamil Nadu. This temple lies on an islet formed by the twin Cauvery and Coleroon rivers. It is the biggest functioning Hindu temple in India and is often found ranked amongst the largest religious complexes of the world. This temple is dedicated to Ranganatha, a reclining form of Hindu deity, Lord Vishnu. It is regarded as the foremost among the 108 Divya Desams dedicated to Lord Vishnu. Though the temple has existed since the 2nd century BC, the archaeological inscriptions are available only from the 10th century CE. This temple underwent many changes during the rule of the Cholas, Cheras, Pandiyas, Hoysalas, Vijayanagar kings, and Nayaks of Madurai. In addition, influential Vaishnava leaders like Yamunacarya, Ramanujacarya, and Sudarsanacarya played pivotal roles in shaping the temple’s worship and its enduring legacy.

Explanation - The Sakharov Prize for “Freedom of Thought”, commonly known as the Sakharov Prize, is an honorary award for individuals or groups who have dedicated their lives to the defence of human rights and freedom of thought. Named after Russian scientist and dissident Andrei Sakharov, the prize was established in December 1988 by the European Parliament. The 2026 prize is given to the International Criminal Court and its officials.

Explanation - Article 169 — Parliament can create or abolish a Legislative Council if the state’s Legislative Assembly passes a resolution by — A majority of total Assembly membership, and A majority of at least two-thirds of members present and voting. Article 171 — Composition rules — Total MLCs cannot exceed one-third of the state’s total MLAs. Total MLCs cannot be fewer than 40.

Explanation - Elections use proportional representation via the single transferable vote, with electors ranking candidates by preference. The composition breaks down as — One-third: Elected by municipalities, district boards, and other local authorities. One-twelfth: Elected by graduates (minimum 3 years as a university graduate, or equivalent qualification) residing in the state — the “Graduates’ constituency.” One-twelfth: Elected by teachers with at least 3 years of teaching experience in institutions of secondary school level or above — the “Teachers’ constituency.” Remaining members: Partly elected by MLAs themselves, and partly nominated by the Governor, chosen for “special knowledge or practical experience” in fields like literature, science, art, and social service.