2nd May 2025

Explanation - The sources and processes by which hydrogen is derived, are categorised by colour tabs. Hydrogen produced from fossil fuels is called grey hydrogen; this constitutes the bulk of the hydrogen produced today. Hydrogen generated from fossil fuels with carbon capture and storage options is called blue hydrogen; Hydrogen generated entirely from renewable power sources is called green hydrogen. In the last process (green hydrogen), electricity generated from renewable energy is used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen.

Explanation - The National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) has drafted the National Action Plan for dog Mediated Rabies Elimination in consultation with the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying. It aims to eliminate rabies from the country by 2030. Rabies is caused by a Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) virus that is present in the saliva of a rabid animal (dog, cat, monkey, etc). It is invariably transmitted following a bite of a rabid animal that leads to deposition of the saliva and the virus in the wound. The death invariably occurs in four days to two weeks due to cardio-respiratory failure. However, the time interval between the bite and occurrence of symptoms/signs of rabies i.e. incubation period varies from four days to two years or rarely even more. Thus, it is important to remove the virus from the wound as early as possible by immediately washing the wound with water and soap followed by application of antiseptics that reduce/eliminate chances of nerve infection.

Explanation - Imperial Records Department (IRD) was set up in the year 1891. In 1889 Professor G.W. Forrest of Elphinstone College, Bombay entrusted the job of examining the records of the Foreign Department of the Government of India made a strong plea for transferring all records of the administration of East India Company to a Central Repository. At present National Archives of India is an attached office under the Ministry of Culture and has a Regional Office at Bhopal and three Records Centres at Jaipur, Puducherry and Bhubaneswar.

Answer - D
Explanation - The Facebook's subsidiary company-WhatsApp, filed a lawsuit in the United States California's Northern District Federal Court against Israel-based cyber-arms firm- the NSO Group, for infecting 'specific' group of WhatsApp users worldwide, mainly belong to civil societies, through their spyware program-Pegasus (also known as Trident). The phenomenon of 'Pegasus' origin is from the Greek mythology where an immortal, winged horse with an ability to fly, had an arsenal of supernatural powers - a free passage from the mortal to the immortal realm. Equipped with powerful coding, the NSO group's Pegasus program can survive OS (Operating System) reboot, factory resets, and OS upgrades. Other than Android and iOS, it can breach into the Symbian and Blackberry OS devices. It can infiltrate the smartphones, irrespective of the OS, in incognito mode and majorly work on three aspects:

1. collection of the historical data on the device,
2. continuous monitoring of the activities or actions, and
3. transmission of the data to third-party anonymously.

Explanation - INS Vikrant, also known as Indigenous Aircraft Carrier 1 (IAC-1), is an aircraft carrier constructed by the Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) for the Indian Navy. The IAC-1 is an advanced platform in comparison with Vikramaditya, the only aircraft carrier in service with the Indian Navy, in terms of capabilities, automation and net-centricity. And its degree of indigenisation is about 76%. Unlike Vikramaditya, which is steam-propelled, Vikrant is propelled by four gas turbines that were produced by GE but integrated and commissioned by its Indian partner, the public sector Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd (HAL). Similarly, the COGAG (combined gas and gas) gear boxes from Germany were integrated by an Indian company named Elecon. It is the first aircraft carrier to be built in India. It is named 'Vikrant' as a tribute to India's first aircraft carrier, Vikrant (R11). The name Vikrant (Sanskrit vikrānta, literally "stepping beyond") means "courageous". The motto of the ship is "Jayema Sam Yudhi Sprdhaḥ", which is taken from Rigveda and means "I defeat those who fight against me".