19th October 2024

Explanation - Brown Dwarfs are objects that bridge the gap between planets and
stars, being too small to sustain hydrogen fusion (like stars) but larger than
planets. They do not undergo hydrogen fusion, contradicting statement 3.
Instead, they emit light from residual heat but are much cooler and dimmer than
stars.

Explanation - The IEA is an inter-governmental organisation with a broad role of
promoting alternate energy sources (including renewable energy), rational energy
policies and multinational energy technology cooperation. It was established in
1974 as per framework of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and
Development. It has 29 member countries and acts as energy policy advisor to all
the member countries. In March 2017, after a series of intensive consultations,
India joined the IEA as an association country. The Agency’s mandate has
broadened to focus on the “3Es” of effectual energy policy: energy security,
economic
development, and environmental protection.

Explanation - Petra was conquered by the Romans in 106 A.C. and became part
of a Roman province. However, Roman control over Petra ended in the 7th
century when it fell under Islamic rule, not in the 12th century. The city was
rediscovered by Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt in 1812.

Explanation - Section 6A was inserted into the Citizenship Act, 1955, to
implement the provisions of the Assam Accord signed in 1985. This section
provides special provisions for persons of Indian origin who migrated from
Bangladesh into Assam. The cut-off date for full citizenship is January 1, 1966.
For those who entered between January 1, 1966, and March 24, 1971, they are
required to register themselves, and after 10 years of residence, they may
acquire full citizenship.

Explanation - The Assam Accord (1985) was a Memorandum of Settlement
(MoS) signed between representatives of the Government of India and the
leaders of the Assam Movement in New Delhi on 15 August 1985. The central
government promised to provide ‘legislative and administrative safeguards to
protect the cultural, social, and linguistic identity and heritage’ of the Assamese
people. This is the Clause 6 of Assam Accord. Part of the Assam Accord that
came at the culmination of a movement against immigration from Bangladesh,
Clause 6 reads: “Constitutional, legislative and administrative safeguards, as may
be appropriate, shall be provided to protect, preserve and promote the cultural,
social, linguistic identity and
heritage of the Assamese people.” For recognition as citizens, the Accord sets
March 24, 1971 as the cutoff. The immigrants up to the cutoff date would get all
rights as Indian citizens. Therefore, Clause 6 was inserted to safeguard the
socio-political rights and culture of the
“indigenous people of Assam”.